International Space Station (ISS) Diary
Zarya and Unity

This section of the ISS diary covers 1998 October and 2000 May. It includes the first elements going into space and the work done by space shuttle crews in preparing the station for habitation.

 

Date and Time (GMT)

Event

1998 Oct 21

-

Space Shuttle Endeavour rolled-out to Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center

1998 Oct 26

-

Unity module arrives at Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center

1998 Nov 13

-

Unity module placed inside Shuttle Endeavour's cargo bay

1998 Nov 18

-

Proton rocket carrying the Zarya space station module moved to Launch Complex 23 at the Baikonur cosmodrome

1998 Nov 20

06:40

Zarya launched from Launch Complex 23 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Proton rocket into 176 x 343 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1998 Nov 25

-

Zarya established in orbit of 383 x 396 kilometres, awaiting arrival of Space Shuttle 'Endeavour'

1998 Dec 3

08:59

Originally-planned launch time for Space Shuttle Endeavour to rendezvous with Zarya - a delay in the countdown due to an erroneous alarm resulted in the launch window closing before Endeavour could lift off

1998 Dec 4

08:35

Space Shuttle Endeavour launched from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-88. Crew consists of US Marine Col Robert Cabana (commander), US Marine Major Frederick Sturckow (pilot), and mission specialists - US Marine Lt-Col Nancy J Currie, USAF Col Jerry Ross, James Newman and cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev

1998 Dec 5

22:06

Mission specialist Currie uses Endeavour's remote manipulator system to raise Unity from Endeavour's cargo bay

1998 Dec 5

23:45

Unity is attached vertically to a docking adaptor in Endeavour's cargo bay

1998 Dec 6

23:47

Following rendezvous, mission specialist Currie controls Endeavour's remote manipulator arm to capture Zarya

1998 Dec 7

02:07

The Endeavour/Unity combination completes the docking with Zarya. Orbit is 386 x 401 kilometres

1998 Dec 7

22:10

Ross and Newman open Endeavour's hatch to start a space walk to connect external communications and electrical power cables between Zarya and Unity, and to install handholds and connectors to the outside of Unity for use on later space walks

1998 Dec 8

03:49

Zarya begins to supply electrical power to Unity - some of Unity's systems are powered up

1998 Dec 8

05:31

Ross and Newman seal Endeavour's hatch at the end of the space walk

1998 Dec 9

20:30

Ross and Newman open Endeavour's hatch to start a space walk to attach communications antennae to Unity for use with the Data Relay Tracking System; to install insulation blankets and a sunshade on Unity (they let go of one blanket which drifted away from the ISS); and to use a pole to complete the deployment of a rendezvous radar antenna on Zarya which had stuck in a partially-erected position

1998 Dec 10

03:35

Ross and Newman seal Endeavour's hatch at the end of the space walk

1998 Dec 10

19:54

Krikalev and Cabana become the first people to enter the ISS - the Endeavour crew check some ISS systems, install portable fans and lights, and carry equipment aboard from Endeavour

1998 Dec 10

21:12

The hatch between Unity and Zarya is opened for the first time

1998 Dec 11

22:41

The hatch between Unity and Zarya is closed

1998 Dec 12

00:26

Work is completed and the crew closes the hatch between Endeavour and Unity

1998 Dec 12

20:33

Ross and Newman open Endeavour's hatch to start a space walk to install a toolkit on the outside of Unity for use by future astronauts; to disconnect cables on Unity to ensure it cannot be undocked; to install a hand hold on Zarya and complete the deployment of a second antenna which has also stuck; and to test an astronaut manoeuvring unit

1998 Dec 13

03:32

Ross and Newman seal Endeavour's hatch at the end of the space walk

1998 Dec 13

20:25

Endeavour undocks from the International Space Station and begins a fly-around of the station

1998 Dec 13

21:39

Endeavour fires its thrusters and starts to move away from the ISS - joint operations are completed

1998 Dec 14

04:30

Argentinian SAC-A technology test satellite is ejected from Endeavour's cargo bay

1998 Dec 15

02:09

MightySat technology demonstration satellite is ejected from Endeavour's cargo bay

1998 Dec 16

02:23

Mission Control gives Endeavour a 'Go' to fire its OMS engines for re-entry

1998 Dec 16

02:47

Endeavour fires its OMS engines to initiate re-entry

1998 Dec 16

03:53

Endeavour lands on the Kennedy Space Center runway

1998 Dec 16

03:54

Wheel stop - Endeavour's mission is completed

1998 Dec 16

-

A test firing of Zarya's thusters raises the ISS orbit from 387 x 399 kilometres to 394 x 400 kilometres

1998 Dec 21

-

Two firings of Zarya's thrusters raises the ISS orbit further to 397 x 403 kilometres

1999 Apr 24

-

Space Shuttle Discovery rolled-out to Launch Complex 39B at the Kennedy Space Center

1999 May 16

-

Space Shuttle Discovery rolled back to the Vehicle Assembly Building for repairs to insulation on the External Tank necessitated by exposure to hailstorms

1999 May 20

-

Space Shuttle Discovery returned to Launch Complex 39B at the Kennedy Space Center

1999 May 27

10:49

Space Shuttle Discovery launched from Launch Complex 39B at Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-96. Crew consists of Commander Kent V Rominger, USN (commander), Lt-Col Rick D Husband, USAF (pilot), and mission specialists Ellen Ochoa, Tamara E Jernigan, Daniel T. Barry, Julie Payette (Canada), and Colonel Valery Ivanovich Tokarev, Russian Air Force.

1999 May 29

04:24

Discovery becomes the first spacecraft to dock with the International Space Station as it links up with the PMA-2 docking adaptor on the Unity Module - orbit is 379 x 385 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

1999 May 30

02:56

Jernigan and Barry open Discovery's hatch to start a space walk to inspect paintwork on the outside of the two modules, to add thermal insulation to Unity, and to transfer equipment, including two cranes (the US Orbital Transfer Device, and the the Russian "Strela"), for use on future missions, to the exterior of the Zarya module - the cranes and some sets of tools are secured to the outside of the station ready for assembly by a later crew

1999 May 30

10:51

Jernigan and Barry seal Discovery's hatch at the end of the space walk - one hour and 25 minutes later than planned due to difficulties with retaining bolts when removing equipment from Discovery's cargo bay

1999 May 31

01:14

The hatch into Unity is opened and the crew begins transferring two tonnes of equipment and supplies from Discovery's Spacehab module aboard the International Space Station, including clothing, water, sleeping bags and spare parts - work includes fitting noise suppression equipment to Zarya's air-circulation fans which have proved to be noisier than anticipated, repairing a radio system onboard Unity, and replacing battery chargers onboard Zarya

1999 Jun 2

-

Work is completed onboard the ISS

1999 Jun 3

09:44

Approx time - the crew closes the hatch between Discovery and Unity

1999 Jun 3

10:33

Approx time - operation using Discovery's Reaction Control System to boost the orbit of ISS is started

1999 Jun 3

11:10

Approx time - orbit boost for the ISS is completed - orbit is now 385 x 399 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

1999 Jun 3

22:39

Discovery undocks from the International Space Station

1999 Jun 3

22:57

Discovery begins a fly-around of the station

1999 Jun 4

00:53

Discovery fires its RCS engines and moves away from the International Space Station

1999 Jun 5

07:21

STARSHINE (Student Tracked Atmospheric Research Satellite for Heuristic International Networking Equipment ) satellite is ejected from Discovery's cargo bay - it is a 0.5 metre diameter, hollow sphere covered with over 800 polished aluminum mirrors to permit its easy visibility from the ground for use by students in measuring upper atmosphere air density and calculating the orbit

1999 Jun 6

04:36

Mission Control gives Discovery a 'Go' to fire its OMS engines for re-entry

1999 Jun 6

04:54

Discovery fires its OMS engines for three and a half minutes to initiate re-entry

1999 Jun 6

06:02

Discovery lands on the Kennedy Space Center runway

1999 Jun 6

06:03

Wheel stop - Discovery's mission is completed

1999 Jun 13

-

The International Space Station passes seven kilometres from a Russian-launched rocket stage - mission controllers had originally calculated a miss distance of one kilometre, and attempted to fire Zarya's thrusters to change the station's orbit slightly, but in the event, Zarya's computer had rejected the command as dangerous because the data it received would have resulted in a thruster firing for longer than permitted by safety rules

1999 Jul 8

-

Russian Spaceflight Control Centre suffers five hour power cut due to severe hail storms affecting the local power supply and the backup generator system

1999 Jul 15

-

Russian Spaceflight Control Centre suffers a second, one hour power cut due to maintenence work following the incident on 1999 July 8 - this time the standby power system operates successfully

1999 Oct 26

14:03

Zarya's thrusters fired for five seconds to raise the International Space Station's orbit by 1.5 kilometres because of a calculation showing that it would pass 1.4 kilometres from a Pegasus launch vehicle on 27 October

1999 Oct 27

08:00

Approximate time - the International Space Station passes 139 kilometres from a Pegasus rocket stage, orbit is 366 x 382 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

2000 Mar 25

-

Space Shuttle Atlantis rolled-out to Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center

2000 Apr 24

20:15

Originally-planned launch time for Shuttle Atlantis to the International Space Station - lift off postponed during the standard T-9 minute hold due to high winds at the Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Landing Facility

2000 Apr 25

19:52

Originally-planned second launch attempt for Shuttle Atlantis to the International Space Station - lift off postponed T-40 minutes due to hugh winds at the Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Landing Facility

2000 Apr 26

19:27

Originally-planned third launch attempt for Shuttle Atlantis to the International Space Station - lift off postponed due to weather conditions at the trans-Atlantic abort landing sites in Spain and Morocco

2000 Apr 28

-

NASA agrees to postpone a launch attempt of Shuttle Atlantis to the ISS planned for 10:38 on 18 May because of a delayed launch attempt of an Atlas III rocket from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station

2000 May 19

10:11

Space Shuttle Atlantis launched from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-101. Crew consists of Commander Col James D Halsell, USAF,  (commander), Col Scott J Horowitz, USAF (pilot), and mission specialists Col Susan J Helms, USAF, Yuri Usachev (Russia), retired Col James S Voss, USA, Mary Ellen Weber, Lt-Col Jeffrey Williams, USA.

2000 May 21

04:31

Atlantis docks with the PMA-2 docking adaptor on the Unity Module of the International Space Station while passing over the Ukraine and within range of Russian tracking stations - orbit is 332 x 341 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

2000 May 22

01:48

Voss and Williams open Atlantis's hatch to start a space walk to secure the US Orbital Transfer Device (OTD) crane to be used to transfer astronauts around the outside of the ISS - it had become loose from its mounting on Unity following initial installation by astronauts Jernigan and Barry during Discovery's STS-96 mission one year previously. - they complete assembly of the Russian "Strela" crane (similar to one on Mir) on the outside of Zarya by adding a further section, install further handholds on the outside of the station, replace a faulty radio antenna on Unity and take photographs of the station's exterior surface

2000 May 22

08:32

Voss and Williams seal Atlantis's hatch at the end of the space walk.

2000 May 23

00:03

The hatch into Unity is opened and the crew of Atlantis begins work inside the station to replace four of the six batteries in the Zarya module, install additional fans and ducting for air circulation, and to unload supplies from Atlantis's Spacehab module

2000 May 24

00:02

Atlantis begins an approximately one hour programme of firing its Reaction Control System (RCS) to raise the orbit of the ISS - 27 firings of 130 seconds duration each

2000 May 25

01:16

Atlantis begins a second one hour programme of firing its Reaction Control System (RCS) to raise the orbit of the ISS, using a similar firing pattern to the first session

2000 May 25

23:36

Atlantis begins a third one hour programme of firing its Reaction Control System (RCS) to raise the orbit of the ISS, using a similar firing pattern to the earlier sessions - orbit is now 372 x 380 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

2000 May 26

08:08

The crew closes the hatch between Atlantis and Unity

2000 May 26

23:03

Atlantis undocks from the International Space Station and begins a fly-around to photograph and inspect the exterior of the ISS

2000 May 26

23:44

Atlantis fires its RCS and moves away from the ISS

2000 May 29

05:12

Atlantis fires its OMS engines to initiate re-entry

2000 May 29

06:20

Atlantis lands on the Kennedy Space Center runway

2000 May 29

06:21

Wheel stop - Atlantis's mission is completed



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