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Mir Diary - 1995

A Chronology of mission events in orbit and on the ground. Mir existed for fifteen years growing from the original 20 tonne core module to a massive 130+ tonnes.

Date (UTC)

Time (UTC)

Event

1995 Jan 11

08:59

Soyuz TM-20 undocks from Mir with Malenchov, Musabeyev and Merbold aboard

1995 Jan 11

09:27

Soyuz TM-20 re-docks with Mir's forward-facing port after testing 'Kurs' docking system - there is no repeat of the excessive yaw motion experinced in the original docking manoeuvre - orbit is 391 x 393 kilometres

1995 Feb 15

16:48

Progress M-26 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into 188 x 224 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 Feb 16

13:03

Progress M-25 undocks from Mir

1995 Feb 16

16:45

After a retro-firing of its manoeuvring engine, Progress M-25 enters the upper atmosphere and burns up as a result of frictional heating

1995 Feb 17

18:21

Progress M-26 docks automatically with the rear port of Kvant - orbit is 391 x 397 kilometres

1995 Mar 14

06:11

Soyuz TM-21 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into 191 x 221 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination with cosmonauts Vladimir Dezhurov, Vladimir Strekalov and Norman Thagard (NASA) aboard

1995 Mar 15

02:26

Progress M-26 undocks from Mir

1995 Mar 15

06:15

After a retro-firing of its manoeuvring engine, Progress M-26 enters the upper atmosphere and burns up as a result of frictional heating

1995 Mar 16

07:45

Soyuz TM-21 docks with the rear port of Kvant - orbit is 391 x 396 kilometres

1995 Mar 22

00:43

Soyuz TM-20 undocks from Mir with Viktorenko, Kondakova and Polyakov aboard

1995 Mar 22

03:08

Soyuz TM-20 makes its retro-fire

1995 Mar 22

03:37

Soyuz TM-20 descent module separates

1995 Mar 22

03:40

Soyuz TM-20 descent module enters the Earth's atmosphere

1995 Mar 22

04:04

Soyuz TM-20 lands

1995 Apr 9

19:34

Progress M-27 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into 187 x 221 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 Apr 11

21:00

Progress M-27 docks automatically with Mir's forward-facing port - orbit is 389 x 396 kilometres

1995 Apr 19

19:12

GFZ-1 geodetic microsatellite, carried to Mir by Progress M-27, released from an airlock aboard Mir - orbit is 383 x 394 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 May 12

04:20

Dezhurov and Strekalov start a space walk to to prepare for removal of a Kristall solar panel and transfer to the Kvant module

1995 May 12

10:35

Dezhurov and Strekalov finish their space walk after 6 hours 14 minutes

1995 May 17

02:38

Dezhurov and Strekalov start a space walk to move the Kristall solar panel to the Kvant module - it is left lashed into place on Kvant as time runs out

1995 May 17

09:20

Dezhurov and Strekalov finish their space walk after 6 hours 42 minutes

1995 May 20

03:33

Spektr launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Proton rocket into 216 x 317 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination, on reaching orbit - controllers discover that the module is short of battery power (it has no solar panels) and will only be able to make one docking attempt with Mir

1995 May 22

00:10

Dezhurov and Strekalov start a space walk to complete attachment of the solar panel to Kvant, Kristall's second solar panel is folded away

1995 May 22

05:25

Dezhurov and Strekalov finish their space walk after 5 hours 15 minutes

1995 May 22

23:42

Progress M-27 undocks from Mir

1995 May 23

02:40

Progress M-27 fires its retro-rocket

1995 May 23

03:27

Progress M-27 enters the upper atmosphere and burns up as a result of frictional heating

1995 May 26

---

Using Mir's 'Ljappa' manipulator arm, Kristall is detached from Mir's lower forward docking port and moved to the front port on the forward-facing docking hub

1995 May 28

22:22

Dezhurov and Strekalov start a space walk inside Mir to move a docking cone between locations in the forward docking unit to allow the re-docking of Kristall

1995 May 28

22:43

Dezhurov and Strekalov finish their space walk after 21 minutes

1995 May 29

---

Using Mir's 'Ljappa' manipulator arm, Kristall is detached from Mir's front forward docking port and moved to the right hand (as viewed from inside Mir) port on the forward-facing docking hub - the lower docking port is now free for the already-orbiting Spektr module

1995 Jun 1

00:58

Spektr docks with Mir forward port - orbit is 391 x 396 kilometres

1995 Jun 2

---

Using Mir's 'Ljappa' manipulator arm, Spektr is detached from Mir forward port and moved to the lower port on the forward-facing docking hub, opposite Kvant 2

1995 Jun 2

22:05

Dezhurov and Strekalov start a space walk inside Mir to move a docking cone back to its original location in the forward docking following the re-docking of Kristall

1995 Jun 2

22:28

Dezhurov and Strekalov finish their space walk after 23 minutes

1995 Jun 10

---

Using Mir's 'Ljappa' manipulator arm, Kristall is detached from Mir's right hand forward docking port and moved to the forward port on the forward-facing docking hub - the purpose is to allow Space Shuttle Atlantis, on mision STS-71, to dock in line with Mir's main axis and also use the APAS androgynous docking port

1995 Jun 17

---

Using Mir's 'Ljappa' manipulator arm, Kristall is detached from Mir's front forward docking port and returned to the right hand (as viewed from inside Mir) port on the forward-facing docking hub - the station is now fully re-configured after the end of the STS-71 Space Shuttle mission

1995 Jun 23

---

Planned launch of shuttle Atlantis at 21:08:37 UTC on mission STS-74 is postponed due to thunderstorms preventing vehicle fuelling

1995 Jun 24

21:00

Launch attempt for shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-74 is postponed due to bad weather

1995 Jun 27

19:32

Space Shuttle Atlantis launched from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-71 into orbit of 294 x 385 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination with crew consisting of Robert Gibson (commander), Charles Precourt (pilot), mission specialists Ellen Baker, Gregory Harbaugh, Bonnie Dunbar, Anatoly Solovyov (Russia) and Nikolai Budarin (Russia) - it is the 100th US piloted launch

1995 Jun 29

13:00

Atlantis docks with the APAS unit on Kristall (which has been moved the Mir's front port using a docking unit and tunnel fitted into the shuttle cargo bay - orbit is 392 x 400 kilometres

1995 Jul 4

10:55

Soyuz TM-21 undocks from Mir with Dezhurov, Strekalov and Thagard aboard

1995 Jul 4

11:09

Soyuz TM-21 re-docks with the rear port of Kvant after photographing Shuttle Atlantis as it undocks - the re-docking has to be speeded up when one of the Mir computers goes offline and the station begins to rotate - orbit is 394 x 398 kilometres

1995 Jul 4

11:09

Atlantis undocks from Mir carring Gibson, Charles Precourt, Baker, Harbaugh, Dunbar, Dezhurov, Strekalov and Thagard - while backing away, the crew observes manoeuvres of Soyuz TM-21 which is also undocked from the station - Atlantis then performs a flyaround of Mir before departing

1995 Jul 7

10:54

Atlantis lands on the Kennedy Space Center runway

1995 Jul 7

10:55

Wheel stop - Atlantis STS-71 mission is over

1995 Jul 7

13:45

Atlantis fires its OMS engines to initiate re-entry

1995 Jul 14

03:56

Solovyov and Budarin start a space walk to free a seized solar panel on Spektr and make an external inspection of the station

1995 Jul 14

09:30

Solovyov and Budarin finish their space walk after 5 hours 34 minutes

1995 Jul 19

00:39

Solovyov and Budarin start a space walk to retrieve experiments from the outside of Mir - a problem with Solovyov's spacesuit means that he works from within the airlock while only Budarin goes outside

1995 Jul 19

03:47

Solovyov and Budarin finish their space walk after 3 hours 8 minutes

1995 Jul 20

03:04

Progress M-28 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into approx 195 x 225 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 Jul 21

00:28

Solovyov and Budarin start a space walk to install the MIRAS infrared spectrometer on the outside of Mir

1995 Jul 21

06:18

Solovyov and Budarin finish their space walk after 5 hours 50 minutes

1995 Jul 22

04:39

Progress M-28 docks automatically with Mir's forward-facing port - orbit is 394 x 399 kilometres

1995 Sep 3

09:00

Soyuz TM-22 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into 197 x 218 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination with cosmonauts Yuri Gidzenko, Sergei Avdeyev and Thomas Reiter (ESA astronaut - Germany) aboard

1995 Sep 4

05:09

Progress M-28 undocks from Mir

1995 Sep 4

08:58

After a retro-firing of its manoeuvring engine, Progress M-28 enters the upper atmosphere and burns up as a result of frictional heating

1995 Sep 5

10:29

Soyuz TM-22 docks with Mir's forward-facing port - orbit is 393 x 398 kilometres

1995 Sep 11

03:30

Soyuz TM-21 undocks from Mir with Solovyov and Budarin aboard

1995 Sep 11

05:56

Soyuz TM-21 makes its retro-fire

1995 Sep 11

06:52

Soyuz TM-21 lands

1995 Oct 8

18:50

Progress M-29 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into 188 x 223 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 Oct 10

20:32

Progress M-29 docks automatically with the rear port of Kvant - orbit is 393 x 396 kilometres

1995 Oct 20

11:50

Avdeyev and Reiter start a space walk to place scientific samples from the European Space Exposure Facility (ESEF) on the outside of Mir to be retrieved on a space walk by Reiter 1996 February

1995 Oct 20

17:06

Avdeyev and Reiter finish their space walk after 5 hours 16 minutes

1995 Nov 11

11:51

A launch attempt for shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-74 is postponed four minutes before planned lift-off due to bad weather at the Trans-Atlantic Abort site

1995 Nov 12

12:30

Space Shuttle Atlantis launched from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-74 into orbit of 294 x 306 kilometres at 51.6 degrees inclination with crew consisting of Kenneth Cameron (commander), James Halsell (pilot), mission specialists Jerry Ross, William McArthur and James Hadfield

1995 Nov 14

07:16

The crew of Atlantis connect the Russian-built Orbiter Docking System module to the docking unit in the cargo bay - it provides clearance between the station and the shuttle and is fitted with an APAS docking unit at both ends

1995 Nov 15

06:27

Atlantis docks with the APAS unit on Kristall - orbit is 391 x 396 kilometres

1995 Nov 18

18:15

Atlantis undocks from Mir carring Cameron, Halsell, Ross, McArthur and Hadfield - it leaves behind the shuttle Orbiter Docking System module for use by future shuttle docking missions- - Atlantis performs a flyaround of Mir before departing

1995 Nov 20

15:58

Atlantis fires its OMS engines to initiate re-entry

1995 Nov 20

17:01

Atlantis lands on the Kennedy Space Center runway

1995 Nov 20

17:02

Wheel stop - Atlantis STS-74 mission is over

1995 Dec 8

19:23

Gidzenko and Adveyev start a space walk within Mir to re-position a docking cone within Mir's forward adapter

1995 Dec 8

19:52

Gidzenko and Adveyev finish their space walk after 29 minutes

1995 Dec 18

14:31

Progress M-30 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Soyuz rocket into approximately 195 x 230 kilometre orbit at 51.6 degrees inclination

1995 Dec 19

09:15

Progress M-29 undocks from Mir

1995 Dec 19

16:15

After a retro-firing of its manoeuvring engine, Progress M-29 enters the upper atmosphere and burns up as a result of frictional heating

1995 Dec 20

16:10

Progress M-30 docks automatically with the rear port of Kvant - orbit is 391 x 399 kilometres

Copyright Robert Christy